The population of Iceland at the end of the 4th quarter 2016 was 338,450. The number of males was 171,110 and females 167,330. The population increased by 840 from the previous quarter. Inhabitants of the capital region were 216,940 and 121,500 lived outside the capital region.
| Population, births, deaths and migration in the 4rd quarter 2016 | |||
| Total | Males | Females | |
| Population at the end of the quarter | 338,450 | 171,110 | 167,330 |
| Population at the start of the quarter | 337,610 | 170,510 | 167,100 |
| Change | 840 | 600 | 240 |
| Births | 940 | 490 | 450 |
| Deaths | 590 | 300 | 290 |
| Net migration | 470 | 410 | 70 |
| Immigration | 2,750 | 1,710 | 1,040 |
| Emigration | 2,280 | 1,300 | 980 |
| All numbers are rounded. When greater than 50 to the next 10 and to the next 5 when 50 or less. Due to the rounding, figures may not add up to totals and subtotals. | |||
A total of 940 children were born in the 4th quarter and 590 persons died. Net migration was positive by 470 persons with the largest proportion in the age group 20–29. Net migration of persons with Icelandic citizenship was positive by 60. Amongst foreign citizens net migration was positive by 410 persons of whom 150 were aged 20–29 years old. More males than females emigrated.
| Migration by age groups in the 4th quarter 2016 | |||||||||
| Total | Icelandic citizens | Foreign citizens | |||||||
| Net migration | Immigration | Emigration | Net migration | Immigration | Emigration | Net migration | Immigration | Emigration | |
| Total | 470 | 2,750 | 2,280 | 60 | 640 | 570 | 410 | 2,110 | 1,700 |
| Under 10 years | 40 | 220 | 170 | 10 | 110 | 90 | 30 | 110 | 80 |
| 10-19 years | 100 | 220 | 110 | 25 | 80 | 50 | 80 | 140 | 60 |
| 20-29 years | 160 | 1,110 | 950 | 15 | 170 | 150 | 150 | 940 | 790 |
| 30-39 years | 80 | 620 | 550 | 5 | 140 | 130 | 70 | 490 | 420 |
| 40-49 years | 70 | 340 | 270 | 10 | 80 | 70 | 60 | 260 | 200 |
| 50-59 years | 15 | 190 | 170 | -5 | 45 | 45 | 20 | 140 | 120 |
| 60 years and older | 5 | 60 | 50 | 0 | 25 | 25 | 5 | 35 | 25 |
Denmark was the most popular destination for Icelandic citizens with 140 persons emigrating in the quarter. Of the 570 Icelandic citizens who emigrated, 300 went to Denmark, Norway or Sweden. The largest group of the 1,700 foreign citizens who emigrated went to Poland (690).
Immigrants of Icelandic citizenship came mostly from Denmark, Norway or Sweden, 450 out of 640, while Poland was the country of origin for most of the foreign immigrants, 800 out of 2,110. Lithuania came second with 210 immigrants. Foreign citizens were 30,380 by the end of the 4th quarter 2016.